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While most Americans see well, about 14 million are visually impaired, according to a National Institutes of Health (NIH) study. Of those, more than 11 million have an uncorrected condition, such as nearsightedness, that could be treated with eyeglasses or contact lenses.
“This is the first national survey on vision since the mid-1970s, and it confirms that uncorrected visual impairment is a major public health problem,” says Elias A. Zerhouni, M.D., director of the NIH. “The good news is that we now have information on the extent of visual impairment in the United States that will be available to policymakers as they seek to address health care issues at the local, state and national levels.”
The study, published in the May 10 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, also concludes that teenagers, people with diabetes, Hispanics and people who are economically disadvantaged have higher rates of visual impairment and can most benefit from corrective lenses.
Designed and supported by the National Eye Institute (NEI) of the NIH, the study was part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, an ongoing survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. More than 15,000 people participated in the survey from 1999 to 2002. They were interviewed in their homes and were invited to undergo a comprehensive health examination in a mobile examination center (MEC). More than 14,000 reported to a MEC, and more than 13,000 completed visual acuity tests.
“This study found that most people who have a visual impairment could achieve good vision with proper eyeglasses or contact lenses,” says Paul A. Sieving, M.D., Ph.D., director of vision research at NIH. “So, if you have trouble seeing, you should get your eyes examined as soon as possible. It may be that corrective lenses will improve your vision. But, if you do have an eye disease, the sooner it is found, the more likely it is that treatment can help preserve your vision.”
The study authors made the following recommendations:
* Health care professionals should talk to their patients about the importance of eye health and encourage them to participate in routine vision screenings and eye examinations.
* People who already wear eyeglasses or contact lenses should return to their eye care professional for periodic eye examinations.
* Efforts to increase public awareness about the importance of routine eye examinations should be undertaken.
* Vision screening opportunities for the public should be expanded.
Mary Frances Cotch, Ph.D., chief of the NEI’s epidemiology branch and one of the study authors, concludes, “Providing corrective lenses to people who need them is an important public health issue with implications for safety and quality of life.”
To learn more about vision health, visit www.nei.nih.gov.
Editor’s Note: The National Eye Institute (NEI) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and is the Federal government's lead agency for vision research that leads to sight-saving treatments and plays a key role in reducing visual impairment and blindness. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) — The Nation's Medical Research Agency — includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. It is the primary federal agency for conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and it investigates the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit www.nih.gov. - ARA |
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